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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2020.9788055222776

Черник М., Войналович Н., Сиренко Е., Пилипко Е. ‒ Патологии пчёл

PATHOLOGY OF BEES

Maksim Chernik, Mykola Voinalovych, Olena Sirenko,

Kateryna Pylypko

High annual losses of honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) colonies are
considered to be a global threat to the natural ecosystems and agricultural economy due
to the vital role of these insects in the environment by pollinating both wild flowers and
many crops as they forage for nectar and pollen, in addition to producing honey and
beeswax. New anxieties regarding the honey bee health declining that was caused by
simultaneous exposure to a combination of numerous interacting factors including poor
nutrition, the increased pressure from parasites, bacterial and viral loads, synergistic
pesticide interactions have arisen worldwide. Despite a long history of research, the
honey bee pathology remains insufficiently studied. Here, we provide a detailed
description of the major honey bee diseases as well as the basic and practical technology
applicable to beekeepers to diagnose abnormalities and to identify pathogens of the
honey bee, and control them. This subject has become too extensive and diverse to be
summarized readily, this publication appeals only part of this issue. But our study should

be a significant contribution to the goal of achieving a better understanding of disease
pathogenesis in honey bees, accompanied by the development of effective prevention,
control, and management methods aimed at increasing the productivity and well-being of
the bee population.

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